The Kynurenine Pathway is still researched for emotional and cognitive symptoms

[Quantum]

Back in 2015, when I build my pre-pack, it was based on the hypothesis that my emotional symptoms were caused by the disruption of the kynurenine pathway toward the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain, like quinolinic acid ( see one of my pots about this at https://poiscenter.com/forums/index.php?topic=1988.msg15559#msg15559 ).  I have no cognitive symptoms, but as quinolinic acid seems to me to be responsible for emotional symptoms, other toxic metabolites like 3-hydroxykynurenine or 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid can be responsible for these cognitive symptoms.

I recently stumbled upon this 2019 review article showing that this hypothesis is still the object of many scientific studies:  https://sci-hub.se/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30844963/ .

Also, another very recent article, from June 2021, gives a detailed description of the kynurenine pathways, and how it can end in producing toxic metabolites, and how they disrupt the normal functions of the brain.  This article also mentions the molecules that in development that target the enzymes of the kynurenine pathway, in order to control problems like depression, memory loss, and the like:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8306609/

[VSmasher]

Back in 2015, when I build my pre-pack, it was based on the hypothesis that my emotional symptoms were caused by the disruption of the kynurenine pathway toward the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain, like quinolinic acid ( see one of my pots about this at https://poiscenter.com/forums/index.php?topic=1988.msg15559#msg15559 ).  I have no cognitive symptoms, but as quinolinic acid seems to me to be responsible for emotional symptoms, other toxic metabolites like 3-hydroxykynurenine or 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid can be responsible for these cognitive symptoms.

I recently stumbled upon this 2019 review article showing that this hypothesis is still the object of many scientific studies:  https://sci-hub.se/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30844963/ .

Also, another very recent article, from June 2021, gives a detailed description of the kynurenine pathways, and how it can end in producing toxic metabolites, and how they disrupt the normal functions of the brain.  This article also mentions the molecules that in development that target the enzymes of the kynurenine pathway, in order to control problems like depression, memory loss, and the like:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8306609/

What supplements can we take to detour from the kynurenine pathway?

[Journey]

Niacin flush works a bit

[Quantum]

Back in 2015, when I build my pre-pack, it was based on the hypothesis that my emotional symptoms were caused by the disruption of the kynurenine pathway toward the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain, like quinolinic acid ( see one of my pots about this at https://poiscenter.com/forums/index.php?topic=1988.msg15559#msg15559 ).  I have no cognitive symptoms, but as quinolinic acid seems to me to be responsible for emotional symptoms, other toxic metabolites like 3-hydroxykynurenine or 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid can be responsible for these cognitive symptoms.

I recently stumbled upon this 2019 review article showing that this hypothesis is still the object of many scientific studies:  https://sci-hub.se/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30844963/ .

Also, another very recent article, from June 2021, gives a detailed description of the kynurenine pathways, and how it can end in producing toxic metabolites, and how they disrupt the normal functions of the brain.  This article also mentions the molecules that in development that target the enzymes of the kynurenine pathway, in order to control problems like depression, memory loss, and the like:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8306609/

What supplements can we take to detour from the kynurenine pathway?

Unfortunately, they are not much KMO inhibitors known for now ( some are in clinical development). 

However, there are known natural IDO inhibitors, and also natural TDO inhibitors ( for the pathways in the liver).  IDO and TDO are one step earlier in the cascade, and inhibiting KMO would be more specific, but it is better to inhibit IDO and TDO than have no way to block this pathway.   


Some natural IDO inhibitors :

• Rosmarinic acid ( https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17229401/).  It is found in rosemary, sage, oregano, basil, marjoram, thyme, the mint group, lavender, perilla, and lemon balm
• Apigenin (https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.10.009) , found in camomille
• EGCG in green tea ( https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23741252/
• curcumin ( https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021925819817842 )

Some natural TDO inhibitors:

• Niacin
• Quercetin
• Bee Propolis
• Milk Thistle, which contains dihydroquercetin

There are many others, which can be found by searching online. Those above are rather easy to find.   Some others, like tryptanthrin, are very interesting, but I never found any supplement or extract for it ( tryptanthrin inhibits both IDO and TDO)